The highest price paid at auction for an artwork created using artificial intelligence (AI) is $432,000 (£334,144), paid for a “painting” called Portrait of Edmond de Belamy on 25 October 2018. The portrait (of an imaginary person) was created by a type of AI called a Generative Adversarial Network, which was set up by members of the French art collective Obvious Art.
Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) work by pitting two neural networks against each other to develop new images based on a library of existing images (in this case a dataset of 15,000 portraits painted by artists between the 14th and 20th centuries).
In the Obvious Art collective’s GAN algorithm, which was based on the work of open-source AI programmer Robbie Barrat (USA), one network (the generator) was tasked with iteratively generating images based on the pre-existing data set, while the other (the discriminator) was tasked with identifying the generator’s work. The process concludes when the generator can create images that the discriminator cannot distinguish from the paintings in the original dataset. The striking end result vastly exceeded its auction house estimate of $7,000–$10,000.
The applications of GAN are many and various, but it is the intriguing way in which the AIs in the GAN build up an independent understanding of the world they see through pictures; this is truly independent from the ‘taught’ perception of machine vision we have today and will benefit the likes of automated vehicles in the future.
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History of Auctioneering
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The greatest amount paid for a copy of a videogame trailer is $301.78 (£200) on the internet auction site eBay for a rare Nintendo DS cartridge carrying a video trailer of The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess (Nintendo, 2006) on 25 March 2010.
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The most expensive page of comic art sold at auction is page 25 of Marvel Super-Heroes Secret Wars #8, which was sold for $3,360,000 (£2,458,880 / €2,948,010) by Heritage Auctions, on 13 January 2022.
The 1984 comic book was illustrated by Mike Zeck (USA). Page 25 tells the origin story of Spiderman’s iconic black symbiote costume. Page 24 of the same comic was also sold as part of the action, fetching $288,000!
The sale greatly surpasses the previous record of $657,250 paid for a page of The Incredible Hulk (1974) which featured the rise of Wolverine.
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The most expensive cricket shirt sold at online auction is Jos Buttler’s 2019 World Cup Final match-worn No.63 shirt, selling on eBay for £65,100 ($80,157) on 8 April 2020.
Jos Buttler put his 2019 World Cup Final match-worn shirt on eBay to raise money for the Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals after the outbreak of COVID-19. The shirt was worn during the super over that saw England win the World Cup and is still stained from the run out of Martin Guptill which won England the match. The auction attracted 82 bids with an eventual winning claim of £65,100.
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The largest guitar collection sold at a charity auction is the “David Gilmour Guitar Collection”, which sold 123 guitars and was collected by David Gilmour (UK) and auctioned by Christie’s in New York, USA, on 20 June 2019.
Renowned Pink Floyd guitarist, David Gilmour, sold his impressive guitar collection for $21,198,250 (£16,624,700; €18,642,100), with proceeds being donated to ClientEarth. “The Black Strat” guitar was on the listing, which was fundamental in creating the music for several Pink Floyd albums:The Dark Side Of The Moon(1973), Wish You Were Here (1975), Animals (1977) and The Wall (1979).
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The most expensive guitar collection sold at a charity auction is the “David Gilmour Guitar Collection”, which sold for $21,198,250 (£16,624,700; €18,642,100), including premium, collected by David Gilmour (UK) and auctioned by Christie’s in New York, USA, on 20 June 2019.
Renowned Pink Floyd guitarist, David Gilmour, sold his impressive collection of 123 guitars, with proceeds being donated to ClientEarth. The collection included the legendary “The Black Strat” guitar, which was fundamental in creating the music for several Pink Floyd albums:The Dark Side Of The Moon(1973), Wish You Were Here (1975), Animals (1977) and The Wall (1979).
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A Batmobile used in the 1960s Batman TV show sold at the Barrett-Jackson car auction in Scottdale, Arizona, USA, on 19 January 2013 for a record $4,620,000 (£2,897,770), inclusive of the seller’s premium. To give this Batmobile it its distinctive look, George Barris, designer of custom cars, transformed an original 1955 Lincoln Futura by re-forming fins, changing the grille and by giving a gothic style to the headlights. The rocket boosters, machine guns, Bat Radar and Bat Phone were then added. George Barris himself presented the car at the Barrett-Jackson auction.
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The most valuable toy soldier in the world is the first handcrafted 1963 G.I. Joe prototype which was sold on 7 August 2003 by its creator Don Levine to Baltimore businessman Stephen A. Geppi for $200,000 (£124,309) during an auction conducted by Heritage Comics Auctions of Dallas, Texas, USA. Don Levine made the nearly one-foot high figure on his ping pong table 40 years ago. The prototype wears a hand-stitched Sargeant’s uniform and an apparently battle-weary expression.
2004 marks the 40th anniversary of when the first G.I. Joe went on sale.
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The most valuable hair clippings sold at auction are a mass of dark black cuttings from the head of Elvis Presley which were sold by his personal barber, Homer ‘Gill’ Gilleland, for $115,120 (£72,791, buyer’s premium included) to an anonymous buyer during an online auction held by MastroNet Inc, Oak Brook, Illinois, USA on 15 November 2002.
The mass of hair is approximately 3 in (8 cm) in diameter and is accompanied by letters of authenticity from Tom Morgan Jr. (detailing their history), John W. Heath (the world’s foremost Elvis memorabilia expert) and John Reznikoff of University Archives (the world’s most respected authority in the field of hair collecting).
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